1: Correa-Costa M, Andrade-Oliveira V, Braga TT, Castoldi A, Aguiar CF, Origassa CS, Rodas AC, Hiyane MI, Malheiros DM, Rios FJ, Jancar S, Câmara NO. Activation of platelet-activating factor receptor exacerbates renal inflammation and promotes fibrosis. Lab Invest. 2014 Apr;94(4):455-66. doi: 10.1038/labinvest.2013.155. PubMed PMID: 24492283.
2: Tsoupras AB, Papakyriakou A, Demopoulos CA, Philippopoulos AI. Synthesis, biochemical evaluation and molecular modeling studies of novel rhodium complexes with nanomolar activity against Platelet Activating Factor. J Inorg Biochem. 2013 Mar;120:63-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.12.004. PubMed PMID: 23318288.
3: Bae R, Arteaga A, Raj JU, Ibe BO. Albuterol isomers modulate platelet-activating factor synthesis and receptor signaling in human bronchial smooth muscle cells. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2012;158(1):18-26. doi: 10.1159/000330029. PubMed PMID: 22212397.
4: Howard KM, Abdel-Al M, Ditmyer M, Patel N. Lipopolysaccharide and platelet-activating factor stimulate expression of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase via distinct signaling pathways. Inflamm Res. 2011 Aug;60(8):735-44. doi: 10.1007/s00011-011-0326-5. PubMed PMID: 21432021; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3134448.
5: de Oliveira SI, Andrade LN, Onuchic AC, Nonogaki S, Fernandes PD, Pinheiro MC, Rohde CB, Chammas R, Jancar S. Platelet-activating factor receptor (PAF-R)-dependent pathways control tumour growth and tumour response to chemotherapy. BMC Cancer. 2010 May 13;10:200. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-10-200. PubMed PMID: 20465821; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2881890.
6: Cellai C, Laurenzana A, Bianchi E, Sdelci S, Manfredini R, Vannucchi AM, Caporale R, Balliu M, Mannelli F, Ferrari S, Bosi A, Miniati D, Cocco PL, Veronneau S, Stankova J, Paoletti F. Mechanistic insight into WEB-2170-induced apoptosis in human acute myelogenous leukemia cells: the crucial role of PTEN. Exp Hematol. 2009 Oct;37(10):1176-1185.e21. doi: 10.1016/j.exphem.2009.07.002. PubMed PMID: 19615424.
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8: Ibe BO, Abdallah MF, Portugal AM, Raj JU. Platelet-activating factor stimulates ovine foetal pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation: role of nuclear factor-kappa B and cyclin-dependent kinases. Cell Prolif. 2008 Apr;41(2):208-29. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2008.00517.x. PubMed PMID: 18336468.
9: Landgraf RG, Nossi DF, Sirois P, Jancar S. Prostaglandins, leukotrienes and PAF selectively modulate lymphocyte subset and eosinophil infiltration into the airways in a murine model of asthma. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2007 Oct-Nov;77(3-4):163-72. PubMed PMID: 17923399.
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11: Riccio M, Pangrazi PP, Campodonico A, Scalise A, Marchesini A, Talevi D, Carboni A, Bertani C, Bertani A, Mazzanti L. Combined use of WEB2170 and HBO therapy can reduce ischemia and reperfusion injury to the skeletal muscle in a rabbit model. Microsurgery. 2007;27(1):43-7. PubMed PMID: 17206621.
12: Kassuya CA, Silvestre A, Menezes-de-Lima O Jr, Marotta DM, Rehder VL, Calixto JB. Antiinflammatory and antiallodynic actions of the lignan niranthin isolated from Phyllanthus amarus. Evidence for interaction with platelet activating factor receptor. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006 Sep 28;546(1-3):182-8. PubMed PMID: 16925995.
13: de Oliveira SI, Fernandes PD, Amarante Mendes JG, Jancar S. Phagocytosis of apoptotic and necrotic thymocytes is inhibited by PAF-receptor antagonists and affects LPS-induced COX-2 expression in murine macrophages. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2006 Jul;80(1-2):62-73. PubMed PMID: 16846787.
14: De Plaen IG, Han XB, Liu X, Hsueh W, Ghosh S, May MJ. Lipopolysaccharide induces CXCL2/macrophage inflammatory protein-2 gene expression in enterocytes via NF-kappaB activation: independence from endogenous TNF-alpha and platelet-activating factor. Immunology. 2006 Jun;118(2):153-63. PubMed PMID: 16771850; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1782278.
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16: Laurenzana A, Cellai C, Vannucchi AM, Pancrazzi A, Romanelli MN, Paoletti F. WEB-2086 and WEB-2170 trigger apoptosis in both ATRA-sensitive and -resistant promyelocytic leukemia cells and greatly enhance ATRA differentiation potential. Leukemia. 2005 Mar;19(3):390-5. PubMed PMID: 15674364.
17: Penna C, Alloatti G, Cappello S, Gattullo D, Berta G, Mognetti B, Losano G, Pagliaro P. Platelet-activating factor induces cardioprotection in isolated rat heart akin to ischemic preconditioning: role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase and protein kinase C activation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2005 May;288(5):H2512-20. PubMed PMID: 15637120.
18: Karasen RM, Uslu C, Gundogdu C, Taysi S, Akcay F. Effect of WEB 2170 BS, platelet activating factor receptor inhibitor, in the rabbit model of sinusitis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2004 Jun;113(6):477-82. PubMed PMID: 15224833.
19: Jakubowski A, Olszanecki R, Chlopicki S. Involvement of platelet activating factor in immediate heart response to lipopolysaccharide. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2004 Jun;55(2):409-21. PubMed PMID: 15213362.
20: Jung TT, John EO, Park SK, Park YS, Rhee CK. Effect of platelet activating factor with and without receptor antagonist (WEB2170) on morphology of isolated cochlear outer hair cells. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2004 Feb;113(2):164-8. PubMed PMID: 14994775.

Chemical
CAS Num	114776-28-2
Chemical Formula	C23H22ClN5O2S
Molecular Weight	467.972
IUPAC Chemical Name	(6-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-8,9-dihydro-4H,7H-cyclopenta[4,5]thieno[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]diazepin-8-yl)(morpholino)methanone
Exact Mass	467.1183
Elemental Analysis	C, 59.03; H, 4.74; Cl, 7.58; N, 14.97; O, 6.84; S, 6.85
Synonym	Bepafant; WEB-2170; WEB 2170; WEB2170; STY-2108; STY 2108; STY2108
Solubility	Soluble in DMSO
SMILES Code	O=C(N1CCOCC1)C2CC(S3)=C(C4=C3N5C(CN=C4C6=CC=CC=C6Cl)=NN=C5C)C2
Biological
Targets and Effects	platelet activating factor (PAF) antagonist
Pathways	Apoptosis
Physical
Appearance	Solid powder
Purity	>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition	Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition	Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Shelf Life	>2 years if stored properly